Home Schooling is Seldom Done at Home! :: Personal Narrative Essay Example

My Home Schooling is Seldom Done at Home! I am composing this article in the expectation of addressing two inquiries that you may have for any individual who learns at home: for what reason do I self-teach and how would I do it? Â In the wake of moving on from the Antioch School, a private elective school associated with Antioch College, I chose to spend my seventh grade year at Ridgewood, a private academy. This was as opposed to going on the Yellow Springs Junior High like the greater part of my companions. I picked Ridgewood fundamentally for one explanation: the understudies. They were upbeat, vivacious, tolerating, and appeared to be extremely keen on their work. Â Despite the fact that I got generally excellent evaluations, and did very well scholastically at Ridgewood, I found that my learning was exceptionally controlled and recommended. At the Antioch School I had consistently been urged to assume responsibility for my own learning. However, at Ridgewood everybody was relied upon to move alongside every other person, trudging at an all inclusive pace that was unreasonably quick for a few and vastly unreasonably delayed for other people. It was normal that we would oblige our learning to benefit the class; nobody was permitted to move out of the unremarkable mood and learn for themselves. Our psyches were not our property, they had a place with a common cerebrum bank and nobody could make a withdrawal without their different colleagues taking out precisely the same sum. For instance, despite the fact that sentence structure had consistently been simple for me, I was still regularly expected to finish four language assignments for each night alongside every other person in the class, regardless of whether I required them. I regularly discovered I didn't possess the energy for my own advantages or my own learning. Â I left Ridgewood with a firm thought in my mind: I was not returning the following year; I was going to self-teach. My folks and I had talked about this finally during the second 50% of my seventh grade year. There was so much I needed to do, such huge numbers of things I needed to achieve that I knew would not be conceivable on the off chance that I stayed at Ridgewood. Along these lines, that last day, subsequent to stating goodbye to my companions and disclosing to them I would not be restoring the following year, I at long last began to carry on with my life. Â That first year of self-teach was loaded up with such a fantastic feeling of delight.

Health and Wellness in the Workplace Essay Example for Free

Wellbeing and Wellness in the Workplace Essay Proposal Statement: Health and Wellness programs in a working environment can profit representatives by helping them deal with their physical and passionate wellbeing, lessen pressure and give a prize framework program in the work environment. I. Presentation. II. Give Nutrition Programs A. Oversee workers physical passionate wellbeing 1. Give various workshops to oversee distinctive medical problems. 2. Make a program that accommodates your representatives worries in the workplace. III. Advances employee’s impeccable participation A. Forestall employee’s non-attendance 1. By giving arbitrary health check 2. Prize workers for ideal participation in the health programs IV. Decrease Stress in Workplace A. Give breaks to assist workers with diminishing pressure 1. Start a gathering during 15 minutes break to walk 2. Give a back rub specialist once at regular intervals to give 15 minutes back rubs to alleviation stress. 3. Give a pressure the board workshop for sustenance and excerising. V. Prize System in the work environment to achieve Goals A. Give a prize program to get thinner and remain strongly 1. An emotionally supportive network for representatives by offering additional days off for doing the projects. 2. Make a reward program for workers for arriving at wellbeing objectives. VI. End. Assets By: Alden, Sharyn, Regroup, Recharge, Credit Union Magazine, Jul 2007, Vol. 73 Issue 7, p 30-35, 6p; Abstract By: Bulk Tran Sporter, Tax credits proposed for representative health, Nov. 2007, Vol. 70, Issue 5, p12-12, 1/2p; Abstract By: Shepherd, Leah Carlson, More time to smell the

Complete Guide to Branding Strategies

Complete Guide to Branding Strategies © Shutterstock | BlackpanterThis article explores the world of branding and branding strategies, pre-branding measures, the stages of the branding process, as well as some of the most popular branding strategies that you can choose from for your business.INTRODUCTION INTO BRANDINGYour brand is more than a mere representation of your business’s name, logo, or catchphrase; it is the entire experience that your consumers and potential consumers have with your business. Your brand strategy, therefore, is a representation of what your business stands, an oath that you take, and the sort of business character you portray. As much as branding may include your business’s name, logo, and color scheme, these are simply creative components of your whole brand.Your brand represents you every day in the market through:Images conveyed by your businessThe messages contained in your campaigns and websitesYour Employee-Consumer interactionConsumer opinion of your businessBranding is a necessity for any products or services sold in a large consumer market. It is also crucial in business to business environments since it helps your business stand out in the crowd. Brand strategy is what makes you relevant in the market. It is what makes your business as a force to reckon with in the market.Take a moment to think about some very successful brands, for example, Nike, Starbucks or Apple. You probably know what these brands represent. Now proceed to imagine that your business is in competition with these organizations. If you are going to capture a sizeable market share, you will have to start by implementing a strong brand strategy or you are likely to be invisible in the face of such fierce completion.In your business’s field, the competition may not be too fierce, but if you put any two organizations side by side, the organization that represents something of high value will always outperform its competition in terms of closing and retaining consumers. Similarly, successful branding creates brand equity, which is the amount consumers are willing to part with for the mere fact that it is your particular brand; brand equity is what builds your business’s value over time.[slideshare id=2547538doc=developingabrandstrategy-091120113456-phpapp02w=640h=330]PRE-BRANDING MEASURESWhen it comes to branding, if you employ a winning strategy that is perfectly suited for your business, you will undoubtedly excel in your endeavor to grow your consumer base. However, this section of the article will discuss the measures to be taken prior to implementing that branding strategy. The following measures are essential for you to be able to successfully implement a branding strategy for your business.Understand what a Brand MeansThe very first step is understanding what your brand stands for as well as what you want your brand to represent.Simply note down all characteristics that describe your brand on one side of a sheet and how you would like your brand to be perceive d on the other. Once this list has been complied, fine-tune it and ensure that you are in full command of your brand so as to reach your consumers, and more importantly, potential consumers.The characteristics that describe your brand should be the differentiating factor between your business and that of your competitors. These characteristics should not only comprise of the products and services that your business provides, but also what your business is known for. These characteristics should also assist you in identifying how you can positively move the consumers into favoring your products and services over those of your competition.For this purpose do the following:Understand your business’s niche and how you are unique form competitorsKnow your target audience intimatelyUnderstand how your product or service satisfies your consumers’ and potential consumers’ needsConvert Employees into Brand AmbassadorsYour employees are a representation of your business and your brand a s a whole; they are the first real impression potential consumers have of your organization. For this reason, ensure all your employees fully grasp what the business’s brand stands and that they remain true to the brand in the performance of their duties.More often than not, you will find that owners and managers are aware of what a brand represents but the people who actually come into contact with consumers do not understand the brands intent; isn’t that ironic? Yes. It is extremely important that everyone is reading form the same playbook and understands how to represent what your brand stands for; this is especially so for those interacting with your consumers and potential consumers.To convert your employees into your number one brand ambassadors, you should:Express what your brand represents in a simple digestible mannerTrain your employees on how to properly represent that brandHave systems that ensure employees always keep the essence of your brand at heart[slideshare id =31353766doc=brandambassadorblueprintbybrittmichaelian-140218133516-phpapp01w=640h=330]STAGES OF YOU BRANDING PROCESSMost people assume that branding is a mysterious and complicated process, but in reality branding should be quite simple. Branding is a straightforward process of fine-tuning your focus:Who are you?What makes you unique?What value do you bring the consumer?This simple definition does not necessarily mean it will be a piece of cake to conduct your own brand strategy process. There are steps and exercises that will contribute to your success in that endeavor.However, the stages to take in implementing your brand strategy may be easier than you imagine as you can see below:Discovery: Tells you who you are as a business and who you want to become.Clarification and Articulation: Eloquently and concisely presenting your business’s character and values.Differentiation and Presentation: Presenting to the world your uniqueness and value.Creative Stage: Bringing out your dist inguished identity and creative aspects.Application: Showing up to the world.DiscoveryEvery branding process, as I am sure you are aware by now, includes discovery. Discovery in this context means the process of better understanding who you are as a business, what you represent, and what you want to represent, even though you thought you were already aware. What we think of ourselves in business in most cases is very different from what the consumers think of us. Ultimately, it is the consumers that matter. The consumers will define your brand in the end; you just have to help in shaping their perception of your brand.In addition to consumer research, this stage involves brand auditing and the examination of your business’s culture, history, competitor environment, mission, and vision. At this stage a business plan or a customer satisfaction survey will give you insight into the direction you want your business to take and in what areas you want to effect change.Clarification and ArticulationThis is where the information you have gathered in the process of discovery is processed into a strategy that will propel you to where you want to be. It is where aspects such as the business’s values and corporate personality are defined and articulated into words and slogans.Ensure that these words and slogans are exhaustively refined to give them the greatest power of representation possible of your business. Differentiation and PresentationThis stage in the branding process is pivotal to your new brand in the eyes of the consumers. This is where the consumer looks at your business in comparison to the competition. In this stage, you present to the world in detail what your unique value is; an account of the unique benefit you provide. You present to the consumer what sets you apart from the crowd. This presentation is often done through a series of strategic statements, which will become your guide in business decision-making henceforth.Creative StageThis is going to be the most interesting stage of your branding process. The creative stage will include the designing of the business’s logo, packaging, primary slogan, color schemes, advertisement videos, voice clips, among other creative activities. This stage is the stage in which you express your business’s personality and style. It is not a surprise that you will see most business’s attempting to skip all the stages and get straight to the creative stage. However, without going through the first three stages, such an approach will, in all probability, only end up bringing out the aesthetic value of your brand. But with the discovery, articulation, and differentiation done; a combination of what your business stands for and a creative aspect can be that much more powerful and strategic.Logos and packaging are just a tip of the iceberg. Underneath your business’s logo and good packaging should be a deeper meaning of your business’s values. Backed by the first three stages of the bra nding process, the creative stage solidifies a cohesive brand personality for your business. Everything at this stage works towards a common goal. It is not uncommon for businesses at this stage to realize that in order to stay true to the brand values realized in previous stages, there is a need for fine-tuning or even a total overhaul of some of their products and services. So do not be shocked if you come to the same discovery; don’t panic, it’s all part of the process of implementing your brand strategy successfully.ApplicationThis is the stage that inspired the initiation of the process; this is the actual launch of your brand. Some of the obvious aspects are inclusive of designing of websites, enhancing social media interaction and awareness, creation of business cards, and so forth.However some of the most essential determinants of the successful launch of your brand are things like employee conduct and the actual consumer experience. These are factors that will not be ne cessarily affected by the creative stage (logos and color schemes), but significantly affected by the initial stages where the articulation of your business’s values, character, and competitive edge took place.This is not to disregard the creative stage; the creative stage is equally important for promoting the aesthetic value and attractiveness of your brand to consumers as well as encouraging word of mouth and social media awareness of the brand.These stages are all critical in building your final brand. Sadly, most businesses will focus most of their efforts on the last two stages giving very little priority to the stages that are the true lifeline of any brand strategy. Where great strategy and articulation inspires creativity, and where you present value that resonates with your consumers and potential consumers, your brand begins to take deep root in the market over any competitors.TYPES OF BRANDING STRATEGIESBranding strategies are a tool used to establish your product or s ervice in the market and cement your brand. Once successfully established your brand is able to grow and mature even in a saturated market. Making a smart branding decision for your business is important because your business may have to live with the effects of that decision for a long time. Suitability of branding strategies defers from business to business.The following are some of the commonly used branding strategies you can consider for your business.Word of MouthThis may be the best branding strategy for any organization. There is nothing more empowering for your business brand than getting consumers to tell other consumer about your product or service. Some studies have proven that word of mouth can be much more powerful than conventional advertising.Today word of mouth can be used as a branding strategy through the use of wide spread awareness among consumers and potential consumers on social media platforms. Making your brand a household name in such platforms where recomm endations from friends or followers are everything, can popularize your brand in no time.[slideshare id=40799007doc=sscopy-141027221212-conversion-gate01w=640h=330]Successfully implementing this strategy demands the following:Target Influencers: Speaking to leaders and influential persons about your brand. For example, journalists, bloggers, trendsetters, or even public figures.Build a Social Media Community: This is the fastest way to dispense information and make people aware of your brand. Information in social media spreads like wild fire.Be a Leader: Do not just depend on influencers, take charge of your business’s brand; figure out why your business is unique and tell people.Honesty: For your brand’s awareness to last the consumers must trust your brand. For word of mouth to be successful as your business’s branding strategy, you have to be a worthy topic of discussion.No-Brand BrandingSome organizations these days have adopted an alternative approach to conventional bra nding strategies. No-brand branding involves making your brand conspicuous by not branding it.While it may sound pointless and quite possibly counterproductive, the results can be quite positive.For example, ‘Yellow Cap’ is a company form Venezuela that became a popular brand by simply manufacturing yellow caps and nothing more. By forgoing branding or flashiness, your business can save money that would have been spent in other branding strategies. Your products and services, on the other hand, will appeal to the segment of the market that wants high quality products without necessarily being concerned by the brand name.Attitude BrandingThe attitude branding strategy is used to create an emotional connection with your audience or consumers. This connection does not have to be necessarily linked with the product or service you are offering as a business and may sometimes be completely irrelevant. This strategy focuses on a certain feeling, lifestyle, or identity.Nike, for example , uses this kind of strategy. As a company that produces shoes just like any other shoe company, Nike differentiates itself in the market by using the trademark tick logo. The logo has come to be a representation of health, agility, as well as an independent lifestyle emphasized in the slogan, ‘Just do it.’Other brands that have adopted this branding strategy are Coca Cola and Apple. By adopting this branding strategy your brand will be contributing to your consumers’ identity. For example, by wearing Converse sneakers, a person does not just make a fashion statement but an identity/personality statement.Brand ExtensionBrand extension is where an already established brand name is used as an instrument to boost the popularity and brand awareness of a new or revised product.This branding strategy is especially popular in the fashion, furniture, and the hotel industries.In most cases, the product is never much different from how it was previously presented in the market except fo r the fact that it now has a new and popular brand name. However, note the risk in using this branding strategy for your business is the risk of diluting your own brand’s identity from its own market segment or niche.Therefore, before implementing this strategy you should consider whether you are ready to water down the character of a brand you worked so hard to grow.Learn some interesting brand extensions that failed. Multi-brands StrategyAnother popular brand strategy is the multi brand strategy. This branding strategy will especially work for you if your business is in a saturated market. This strategy works by releasing two or more brands of the same product making them seem like they are in competition in order to take up a larger share of the market.The rationale behind this strategy is that if you have five out of ten brands in the market, you will capture a larger market share than if you only had one brand.Therefore, if your business is at a level where you can afford to launch more than one branding campaign, launching several brands may lead to an overall increase in your business’s revenue. This strategy will also increase your cumulative/overall brand awareness; despite the fact it is split amongst several brands.TO SUM UPBranding is your business’s identity in the market. The question we should all ask ourselves is whether our business’s brands say what we want them to. Your business’s image is all based on the message you send out to the market through branding. What message are you sending out to the world? A negative impression of your business might detour potential consumers, just as a positive impression will encourage potential consumers to try your product or service. How you brand your business’s products or services is an integral part of that business’s success.However, simply choosing a suitable branding strategy for your business is not enough to guarantee your product’s success. If you skip the initial stages of clar ification, articulation, and differentiation of your business’s values and character, the whole branding process might end up being fruitless and disappointing to you. In addition to this, branding is not simply about sending an image out to the world; successful branding also demands that your employees act as branding ambassadors for the business. A successful branding initiative will be determined by first answering the following questions:What are the values of my business? What does my business stand for? What do I want my business and brand to represent? How does my business offer value to my consumers? How am I a unique force in my field of business?If you thought branding and branding strategies were not worth investing in, or that they did not matter, you were deeply mistaken. Clients and consumers will judge your business based on the brand image that you portray, therefore, invest in your business’s branding.

Complete Guide to Branding Strategies

Complete Guide to Branding Strategies © Shutterstock | BlackpanterThis article explores the world of branding and branding strategies, pre-branding measures, the stages of the branding process, as well as some of the most popular branding strategies that you can choose from for your business.INTRODUCTION INTO BRANDINGYour brand is more than a mere representation of your business’s name, logo, or catchphrase; it is the entire experience that your consumers and potential consumers have with your business. Your brand strategy, therefore, is a representation of what your business stands, an oath that you take, and the sort of business character you portray. As much as branding may include your business’s name, logo, and color scheme, these are simply creative components of your whole brand.Your brand represents you every day in the market through:Images conveyed by your businessThe messages contained in your campaigns and websitesYour Employee-Consumer interactionConsumer opinion of your businessBranding is a necessity for any products or services sold in a large consumer market. It is also crucial in business to business environments since it helps your business stand out in the crowd. Brand strategy is what makes you relevant in the market. It is what makes your business as a force to reckon with in the market.Take a moment to think about some very successful brands, for example, Nike, Starbucks or Apple. You probably know what these brands represent. Now proceed to imagine that your business is in competition with these organizations. If you are going to capture a sizeable market share, you will have to start by implementing a strong brand strategy or you are likely to be invisible in the face of such fierce completion.In your business’s field, the competition may not be too fierce, but if you put any two organizations side by side, the organization that represents something of high value will always outperform its competition in terms of closing and retaining consumers. Similarly, successful branding creates brand equity, which is the amount consumers are willing to part with for the mere fact that it is your particular brand; brand equity is what builds your business’s value over time.[slideshare id=2547538doc=developingabrandstrategy-091120113456-phpapp02w=640h=330]PRE-BRANDING MEASURESWhen it comes to branding, if you employ a winning strategy that is perfectly suited for your business, you will undoubtedly excel in your endeavor to grow your consumer base. However, this section of the article will discuss the measures to be taken prior to implementing that branding strategy. The following measures are essential for you to be able to successfully implement a branding strategy for your business.Understand what a Brand MeansThe very first step is understanding what your brand stands for as well as what you want your brand to represent.Simply note down all characteristics that describe your brand on one side of a sheet and how you would like your brand to be perceive d on the other. Once this list has been complied, fine-tune it and ensure that you are in full command of your brand so as to reach your consumers, and more importantly, potential consumers.The characteristics that describe your brand should be the differentiating factor between your business and that of your competitors. These characteristics should not only comprise of the products and services that your business provides, but also what your business is known for. These characteristics should also assist you in identifying how you can positively move the consumers into favoring your products and services over those of your competition.For this purpose do the following:Understand your business’s niche and how you are unique form competitorsKnow your target audience intimatelyUnderstand how your product or service satisfies your consumers’ and potential consumers’ needsConvert Employees into Brand AmbassadorsYour employees are a representation of your business and your brand a s a whole; they are the first real impression potential consumers have of your organization. For this reason, ensure all your employees fully grasp what the business’s brand stands and that they remain true to the brand in the performance of their duties.More often than not, you will find that owners and managers are aware of what a brand represents but the people who actually come into contact with consumers do not understand the brands intent; isn’t that ironic? Yes. It is extremely important that everyone is reading form the same playbook and understands how to represent what your brand stands for; this is especially so for those interacting with your consumers and potential consumers.To convert your employees into your number one brand ambassadors, you should:Express what your brand represents in a simple digestible mannerTrain your employees on how to properly represent that brandHave systems that ensure employees always keep the essence of your brand at heart[slideshare id =31353766doc=brandambassadorblueprintbybrittmichaelian-140218133516-phpapp01w=640h=330]STAGES OF YOU BRANDING PROCESSMost people assume that branding is a mysterious and complicated process, but in reality branding should be quite simple. Branding is a straightforward process of fine-tuning your focus:Who are you?What makes you unique?What value do you bring the consumer?This simple definition does not necessarily mean it will be a piece of cake to conduct your own brand strategy process. There are steps and exercises that will contribute to your success in that endeavor.However, the stages to take in implementing your brand strategy may be easier than you imagine as you can see below:Discovery: Tells you who you are as a business and who you want to become.Clarification and Articulation: Eloquently and concisely presenting your business’s character and values.Differentiation and Presentation: Presenting to the world your uniqueness and value.Creative Stage: Bringing out your dist inguished identity and creative aspects.Application: Showing up to the world.DiscoveryEvery branding process, as I am sure you are aware by now, includes discovery. Discovery in this context means the process of better understanding who you are as a business, what you represent, and what you want to represent, even though you thought you were already aware. What we think of ourselves in business in most cases is very different from what the consumers think of us. Ultimately, it is the consumers that matter. The consumers will define your brand in the end; you just have to help in shaping their perception of your brand.In addition to consumer research, this stage involves brand auditing and the examination of your business’s culture, history, competitor environment, mission, and vision. At this stage a business plan or a customer satisfaction survey will give you insight into the direction you want your business to take and in what areas you want to effect change.Clarification and ArticulationThis is where the information you have gathered in the process of discovery is processed into a strategy that will propel you to where you want to be. It is where aspects such as the business’s values and corporate personality are defined and articulated into words and slogans.Ensure that these words and slogans are exhaustively refined to give them the greatest power of representation possible of your business. Differentiation and PresentationThis stage in the branding process is pivotal to your new brand in the eyes of the consumers. This is where the consumer looks at your business in comparison to the competition. In this stage, you present to the world in detail what your unique value is; an account of the unique benefit you provide. You present to the consumer what sets you apart from the crowd. This presentation is often done through a series of strategic statements, which will become your guide in business decision-making henceforth.Creative StageThis is going to be the most interesting stage of your branding process. The creative stage will include the designing of the business’s logo, packaging, primary slogan, color schemes, advertisement videos, voice clips, among other creative activities. This stage is the stage in which you express your business’s personality and style. It is not a surprise that you will see most business’s attempting to skip all the stages and get straight to the creative stage. However, without going through the first three stages, such an approach will, in all probability, only end up bringing out the aesthetic value of your brand. But with the discovery, articulation, and differentiation done; a combination of what your business stands for and a creative aspect can be that much more powerful and strategic.Logos and packaging are just a tip of the iceberg. Underneath your business’s logo and good packaging should be a deeper meaning of your business’s values. Backed by the first three stages of the bra nding process, the creative stage solidifies a cohesive brand personality for your business. Everything at this stage works towards a common goal. It is not uncommon for businesses at this stage to realize that in order to stay true to the brand values realized in previous stages, there is a need for fine-tuning or even a total overhaul of some of their products and services. So do not be shocked if you come to the same discovery; don’t panic, it’s all part of the process of implementing your brand strategy successfully.ApplicationThis is the stage that inspired the initiation of the process; this is the actual launch of your brand. Some of the obvious aspects are inclusive of designing of websites, enhancing social media interaction and awareness, creation of business cards, and so forth.However some of the most essential determinants of the successful launch of your brand are things like employee conduct and the actual consumer experience. These are factors that will not be ne cessarily affected by the creative stage (logos and color schemes), but significantly affected by the initial stages where the articulation of your business’s values, character, and competitive edge took place.This is not to disregard the creative stage; the creative stage is equally important for promoting the aesthetic value and attractiveness of your brand to consumers as well as encouraging word of mouth and social media awareness of the brand.These stages are all critical in building your final brand. Sadly, most businesses will focus most of their efforts on the last two stages giving very little priority to the stages that are the true lifeline of any brand strategy. Where great strategy and articulation inspires creativity, and where you present value that resonates with your consumers and potential consumers, your brand begins to take deep root in the market over any competitors.TYPES OF BRANDING STRATEGIESBranding strategies are a tool used to establish your product or s ervice in the market and cement your brand. Once successfully established your brand is able to grow and mature even in a saturated market. Making a smart branding decision for your business is important because your business may have to live with the effects of that decision for a long time. Suitability of branding strategies defers from business to business.The following are some of the commonly used branding strategies you can consider for your business.Word of MouthThis may be the best branding strategy for any organization. There is nothing more empowering for your business brand than getting consumers to tell other consumer about your product or service. Some studies have proven that word of mouth can be much more powerful than conventional advertising.Today word of mouth can be used as a branding strategy through the use of wide spread awareness among consumers and potential consumers on social media platforms. Making your brand a household name in such platforms where recomm endations from friends or followers are everything, can popularize your brand in no time.[slideshare id=40799007doc=sscopy-141027221212-conversion-gate01w=640h=330]Successfully implementing this strategy demands the following:Target Influencers: Speaking to leaders and influential persons about your brand. For example, journalists, bloggers, trendsetters, or even public figures.Build a Social Media Community: This is the fastest way to dispense information and make people aware of your brand. Information in social media spreads like wild fire.Be a Leader: Do not just depend on influencers, take charge of your business’s brand; figure out why your business is unique and tell people.Honesty: For your brand’s awareness to last the consumers must trust your brand. For word of mouth to be successful as your business’s branding strategy, you have to be a worthy topic of discussion.No-Brand BrandingSome organizations these days have adopted an alternative approach to conventional bra nding strategies. No-brand branding involves making your brand conspicuous by not branding it.While it may sound pointless and quite possibly counterproductive, the results can be quite positive.For example, ‘Yellow Cap’ is a company form Venezuela that became a popular brand by simply manufacturing yellow caps and nothing more. By forgoing branding or flashiness, your business can save money that would have been spent in other branding strategies. Your products and services, on the other hand, will appeal to the segment of the market that wants high quality products without necessarily being concerned by the brand name.Attitude BrandingThe attitude branding strategy is used to create an emotional connection with your audience or consumers. This connection does not have to be necessarily linked with the product or service you are offering as a business and may sometimes be completely irrelevant. This strategy focuses on a certain feeling, lifestyle, or identity.Nike, for example , uses this kind of strategy. As a company that produces shoes just like any other shoe company, Nike differentiates itself in the market by using the trademark tick logo. The logo has come to be a representation of health, agility, as well as an independent lifestyle emphasized in the slogan, ‘Just do it.’Other brands that have adopted this branding strategy are Coca Cola and Apple. By adopting this branding strategy your brand will be contributing to your consumers’ identity. For example, by wearing Converse sneakers, a person does not just make a fashion statement but an identity/personality statement.Brand ExtensionBrand extension is where an already established brand name is used as an instrument to boost the popularity and brand awareness of a new or revised product.This branding strategy is especially popular in the fashion, furniture, and the hotel industries.In most cases, the product is never much different from how it was previously presented in the market except fo r the fact that it now has a new and popular brand name. However, note the risk in using this branding strategy for your business is the risk of diluting your own brand’s identity from its own market segment or niche.Therefore, before implementing this strategy you should consider whether you are ready to water down the character of a brand you worked so hard to grow.Learn some interesting brand extensions that failed. Multi-brands StrategyAnother popular brand strategy is the multi brand strategy. This branding strategy will especially work for you if your business is in a saturated market. This strategy works by releasing two or more brands of the same product making them seem like they are in competition in order to take up a larger share of the market.The rationale behind this strategy is that if you have five out of ten brands in the market, you will capture a larger market share than if you only had one brand.Therefore, if your business is at a level where you can afford to launch more than one branding campaign, launching several brands may lead to an overall increase in your business’s revenue. This strategy will also increase your cumulative/overall brand awareness; despite the fact it is split amongst several brands.TO SUM UPBranding is your business’s identity in the market. The question we should all ask ourselves is whether our business’s brands say what we want them to. Your business’s image is all based on the message you send out to the market through branding. What message are you sending out to the world? A negative impression of your business might detour potential consumers, just as a positive impression will encourage potential consumers to try your product or service. How you brand your business’s products or services is an integral part of that business’s success.However, simply choosing a suitable branding strategy for your business is not enough to guarantee your product’s success. If you skip the initial stages of clar ification, articulation, and differentiation of your business’s values and character, the whole branding process might end up being fruitless and disappointing to you. In addition to this, branding is not simply about sending an image out to the world; successful branding also demands that your employees act as branding ambassadors for the business. A successful branding initiative will be determined by first answering the following questions:What are the values of my business? What does my business stand for? What do I want my business and brand to represent? How does my business offer value to my consumers? How am I a unique force in my field of business?If you thought branding and branding strategies were not worth investing in, or that they did not matter, you were deeply mistaken. Clients and consumers will judge your business based on the brand image that you portray, therefore, invest in your business’s branding.

What Is Black And White Anymore Death With Dignity Laws

What is black and white anymore? Death with Dignity laws allow qualified mentally competent, terminally ill adults to request a prescription medication from their physician for hastening their death. Commonly also described as physician-assisted suicide, Physician-assisted dying, aid in dying, or medical aid-in-dying. (death with dignity, n.d.) This includes clearly the establishment of the needed knowledge intentionally as well as knowingly to an individual so that he or she can commit suicide. This knowledge may involve counseling the person on the lethal drug doses in terms of prescription or supplying those drugs to the individual. When is physician-assisted suicide acceptable? According to Jeremy Bentham, the most moral acts are those†¦show more content†¦Tough question, right? The difficulty in this question is the amount of moral relativism which has a notion that no objective standards exists basing on the morality apart from considering different option. It does not prevent society from allowing collective suggestions to control the social behavior. Which is why these regulations or rules being to make use of the safety and the well-being of the majority in the society. The community or society rules out that suicide in this case is unacceptable. Singer states that there are two main perspectives of utilitarian. Act utilitarianism only requires us to answer one question: Does this action maximize happiness? Singer points out that the action is the one that possess the consequences that are considered to the best than any other which are open to human beings. Therefore, the ethicality is guided or examined basing on the case-by-case point of view. Rule utilitarianism would have us ask two questions: What general rule would I be following if I did this action and would this rule, if generally followed, maximize happiness? This explains the best ethical action will follow a rule which states that if that identified rule is adhered to will generate the best consequences that considered to be the best rule. Therefore, this kind of utilitarianism provides the best ethicality rules test; for instance, answering the question stated â€Å"When will physician-assisted suicide be acceptable? The rule willShow MoreRelatedSimilarities Be tween Grapes Of Wrath And Of Mice And Men1271 Words   |  6 Pagestrait; that trait is dignity. It can be seen in characters of Steinbeck’s books, The Grapes of Wrath and Of Mice and Men. The Grapes of Wrath is about a family’s journey Oklahoma to California, in hopes of a new life, after being evicted from their previous home. Similarly, Of Mice and Men is about two guys in California who travel together, trying to save money in order to buy a plot of their own land. Character’s from these two books that share the characteristic of having dignity, also share anotherRead MoreRosa Parks and What She Started1317 Words   |  5 PagesAfrican American woman ever, made a significant impact on America by merely standing up for what she believed. Segregation was widespread in the 1900’s; blacks were treated awfully bad and had restricted rights. Blacks and whites were treated completely different. Schools were divided up into black and white races. The dr inking fountain and bathrooms were divided up and usually everything was new and nicer for whites. Soon enough one individual stood up for her race, and risked everything. The eventsRead MoreAnalysis Of John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Man 1746 Words   |  7 Pagescarefully builds a nest during the winter in wheat field, the mouse dreamed of safe and warm place to stay. However, his dreams were shuttered when a ploughman destroys his nest. The mouse is then left to confront harsh reality, the cold and possible death. The poem is about loneliness, tragedy and heartache. This same theme follows in John Steinbeck’s novella. There is parallel between both the novella and the poem. George and Lennie dream of owning their own farm, living in peace and away from theRead MoreEssay on Late Adulthood1279 Words   |  6 Pagesand Death Crystal Leden Psy/280 February 20, 2013 Shannon Hilligoss Late Adulthood and Death In this paper I will be looking at ageism and stereotypes that associated with late adulthood, evaluating how people in late adulthood can promote health and wellness to help prevent the negative effects of aging. I will also be analyzing the importance of relationships and social interactions towards the end of a person’s life and identifying the cultural and personal attitudes about death andRead MoreCarter Hamel. Mrs. Day. Honors 9Th Literature And Composition1402 Words   |  6 PagesDepression represents one of the darkest periods in American economic history† (â€Å"Great†). Although the Stock Market Crash on October 29, 1929 initiated the depression, there were several other causes. After WWI, American goods were not in huge demand anymore, and Europe was recovering from the war and had huge debts. Americans were buying more and more with credit. Eventually, banks failed and closed, and people lost their money. The drought and Dust Bowl caused even mo re problems, especially for farmersRead MoreCourage in to Kill a Mockingbird1591 Words   |  7 Pageswanted to see what real courage is, instead of getting the idea that courage is a man with a gun. What kinds of heroism and courage are shown in To Kill a Mockingbird? Discuss. Courage is defined as the quality of mind or spirit enabling one to meet danger or opposition with fearlessness. According to Atticus Finch, one of the main characters in To Kill a Mockingbird, Courage is when you know youre licked before you begin, but you begin anyway and you see it through no matter what. (pg.121).Read MoreMandela Long Walk to Freedom1816 Words   |  8 Pagesbuild a new South Africa. Nelson Mandela fought his entire life. Nelson Mandela fought a fight for civil rights in South Africa on the streets and behind the prison walls. Even after 27 years behind those walls Mandela maintained his dignity and rose to be the first Black President of South Africa. Nelson Mandelas Autobiography Long Walk to Freedom was written up to the point Mandela won the first free election in South Africa in 1994. Before reading the summary that follows the reader should knowRead MoreLong Walk to Freedom by Nelson MandelaÂâ€" Book Review Essay1808 Words   |  8 Pagesbuild a new South Africa. Nelson Mandela fought his entire life. Nelson Mandela fought a fight for civil rights in South Africa on the streets and behind the prison walls. Even after 27 years behind those walls Mandela maintained his dignity and rose to be the first Black President of South Africa. Nelson Mandelas Autobiography Long Walk to Freedom was written up to the point Mandela won the first free election in South Africa in 1994. Before reading the summary that follows the reader shouldRead MoreThe Black Of Black And Black Crime Essay1832 Words   |  8 PagesJanuary 2015, the police have shot and killed over 175 young black men ranging from ages 18-29; 24 of them were unarmed. On the flip side 172 young white men were killed, only 18 being unarmed. With these statistics there are similarities in the numbers but, blacks were killed at rates disproportional to their percentage of U.S population (1.Washington Post). Of all unarmed people shot and killed by police in 2015. With 40% being black men make up just 6% of the nation’s populations. In the wakeRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Raisin Of The Sun 1878 Words   |  8 Pagescontributing to rising action : When the check finally arrives, Mama decides to go off on her own and paid the 3,500$ down payment to a house in Clybourne park. This really upsets Walter because he thought that he would never be able to achieve his dreams anymore since the money got spent on a new house. Mama then decides to put the rest of the remaining money into Walter’s hands for him to spend on to whatever he would want (liquor store), but only after putting 3,000$ into a savings account for Beneatha

How Elizabeth Cady Stanton Shaped Society and Empowered Women

Elizabeth Cady Stanton There have been many great feminists throughout history, who have changed and shaped society, all who have worked toward one goal, to empower women all over the world. One of these women, Elizabeth Stanton who fought for women’s suffrage was able to shape the way a nation perceived and fought for the rights of their people, allowing the women of today to benefit from her accomplishments on a substantial scale. Elizabeth Stanton was born on the 12th of November 1815, in Johnstown New York. She was fortunate enough to enjoy a privileged life and grew up among the wealthy. The daughter of Daniel Cady, a prominent judge and Margaret Livingstone, she was the eighth of eleven children. Stanton received the best†¦show more content†¦During the 1800’s, women were subject to increasing discrimination, especially throughout the public sphere. Women were expected to take care of the house, children, and the husband. There was a fundamental belief that men owned their wives, allowing a gross inequality of power to reside with the male. Married women did not have the right to own their own property, manage their own wages or sign a contract. One of the many women who were angered at the lack of women’s rights and recognition was Susan B. Anthony who was a major influence in the life of Stanton and together led a movement to give women the right to vote. Anthony was heavily involved in temperance, the movement to reduce or prohibit the use of alcoholic beverages as a result of the many social and economic problems that were occurring, including the physical abuse of wives at the hands of their drunken husbands. Together they campaigned for the abolition of slavery, the right for women to own their own property and retain their own earnings. Through this partnership, Stanton achieved many great things throughout her life, her utmost being that she held the first Woman’s Rights convention at Seneca Falls, New York in 1848. During this time she wrote â€Å"The Declaration of Sentiments,† calling for changes in law and society in areas such as education and politics. Her relentless campaigning, pressuring Congress toShow MoreRelatedElizabeth Cady Stanton : Women s Rights1922 Words   |  8 Pages Abstract Elizabeth Cady Stanton forever changed the social and political landscape of the United States of America by succeeding in her work to guarantee rights for women and slaves. Elizabeth Cady Stanton was a leader in the 19th century for women’s activist and women’s suffrage leader. As an active American abolitionist, she gave many lectures and wrote books. Among those fighting for women’s rights, she was a primary leader. Though she was interested in women’s rights from many perspectivesRead MoreHow Do the Ideas Espoused by Mary Wollstonecraft and Other Feminist Writers of Her Time Relate to Women Today?1302 Words   |  6 PagesHow do the ideas espoused by Mary Wollstonecraft and other feminist writers of her time relate to women today? In A Vindication of the Rights of Woman, Mary Wollstonecraft presented and developed ideas that were groundbreaking and new for her time. She believed the only way women could view their social roles objectively and differently was through education. Her ideas were â€Å"unambiguously feminist, although by modern standards, they may seem outdated† (â€Å"History of feminism†). But I believeRead MoreAbortion : A Feminist Polemic4215 Words   |  17 Pagesshed light on the opinions offered by many areas of feminism. I have chosen several questions to help my research: why is abortion an ethical issue?; what are the feminist points of view concerning abortion?; what has been the impact of feminism on women s access to abortion? Why is abortion an ethical issue? Abortion is defined as â€Å"the expulsion or removal from the womb of a developing embryo or fetus in the period before it is capable of independent survival†. Definitions of abortion vary within

The Effects Of Global Warming On The World - 1349 Words

Global warming is the term used to describe the rise in the Earth’s temperature observed over the last century. It has had significant effects on the polar ice caps, as the rising temperature is causing them to melt. It has also been linked to rising sea levels as the rise has been quicker than ever recorded in the last century. It is believed to be caused by increasing amounts of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, due to burning fossil fuels, other human activities and volcanic activity. It also doesn’t help that most of the world’s forests are being cut down to be used for wood and other materials, this means those plants can no longer photosynthesise and get rid of some of the CO2 (which is a greenhouse gas) from the atmosphere. The rising temperatures therefore have significant effects on the Earth and its organisms. The most imminent and noticeable threat is that on the organisms which live in polar habitats, such as polar bears and penguins, because of the melting ice caps it means that their habitats are being destroyed. There has been a noticeable decline in the numbers of Adà ©lie penguins on Antarctica, their numbers have gone down from 32,000 breeding pairs to 11,000 breeding pairs in the last 30 years. Over the last 40 years there has been a fall in the population of polar bears, their status has changed from least concern to vulnerable to endangered. Polar bears use drifting ice to catch prey and if there is no ice left then their eating habits will decreaseShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Global Warming On The World1235 Words   |  5 PagesThey may not be feeling the effects of global warming at the moment, but in time it will become a more widespread issue. The effects of global warming are hard to refute, and there is endless evidence of this growing problem in our world today. The continuation of global warming is a serious threat to everyone and everything on Earth. Global warming has been a problem for over a hundred years, and it continues to grow every day. The first evidence of global warming was discovered in 1859 by JohnRead MoreThe Effects Of Global Warming On The World868 Words   |  4 PagesDisputed Global Warming Affects Global Warming is in the minds of critical thinkers and scientist as well as the Industrial World. In this paper, we will look at man-made causes of Global Warming, and natural causes in Global Warming Affects. The man- made cause would be (GHC) which abbreviates to greenhouse gases and the chemical (SO2) represents sulfur dioxide from cars and Industry. The natural cause in the climate would direct more to a cooler climate. The Global Warming remains,augmented thatRead MoreThe Effects Of Global Warming On The World1575 Words   |  7 PagesGlobal warming has become a major issue in the world today. Not only are humans being affected, but many species and organisms are as well. Naturally, the Earth experiences heating and cooling cycles, and has over time. The ice age is a great example of a cooling cycle that was rather extreme. Since the industrial revolution, the amount of greenhouse gases has increased and built up in the atmosphere over time (Weart, 2015). The climate changes are being caused by the heat that is trapped in theRead MoreThe Effects Of Global Warming On The World1025 Words   |  5 PagesJacob Keirns Persuasive Paper Miss Beverly March 22, 2016 Global Warming â€Å"Some men aren t looking for anything logical, like money. They can t be bought, bullied, reasoned or negotiated with. Some men just want to watch the world burn.† -Christopher Nolan The late nineteenth century was a time of immense discovery, particularly in the world of science. First theorized in the 1890s, the idea of global warming has been around for just over 100 years, despite it’s relatively recent gain in tractionRead MoreThe Effects Of Global Warming On The World1267 Words   |  6 Pages Over the course of the years global warming has become a threatening issue that scientists and the government have been cognizant about. Global warming is the term used to describe a gradual increase in the average temperature of the Earth s atmosphere and its oceans, a change that is believed to be permanently changing the Earth’s climate. The earth periodically warms up and cools down. The Earth is currently going through a warming trend that coincides with the industrial revolution. ThisRead MoreThe Effects Of Global Warming On The World1185 Words   |  5 PagesThe Effects of Greenhouse Gasses Global Warming has been devastating the earth and economy for the last twenty-five years. Greenhouse gasses developed from the production of chemicals such as R-22, oil, and factories have destroyed ozone and ecosystems for the last hundred years. Carbon dioxide is produced naturally and absorbed by plants and animals, but, too much, and it is deadly. With the increase in automobiles and production, the world government has begun to address the issue of greenhouseRead MoreEffects Of Global Warming On The World Essay1816 Words   |  8 PagesDiseases, war, etc... Those are major concerns of this world, and climate change is always a hot issue given to debate. It s not just a matter of a single country, but it’s a problem of the whole human race. Humanity is facing the risk of extinction. The impact of environmental pollution leads to climate change and natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanoes. Those disasters are caused by the impact of humans to nature, such as deforestation, ecological imbalance, and use of chemicalsRead MoreGlobal Warming And Its Effect On The World1036 Words   |  5 Pagesdefinition of Global warming is; a gradual increase in the overall temperature of the earth s atmosphere generally attributed to the greenhouse effect caused by increased levels of carbon dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons, and other pollutants. Global warming is a very big issue that is slowly affecting the whole world. Climate change has been studied since the early 1970’s, and scientist of many different fields are agreeing that global warming’s effects are increasing at a rapid pace. Global Warming was notRead MoreGlobal Warming And Its Effects On The World Essay919 Words   |  4 PagesThe world has many years existing in this galaxy and every day we see that is changing more and more but not in a very good way that it can end in the extinction of the planet earth. â€Å"Earth Hasn’t Heated Up This Fast Since the Dinosau rs’ End† (Lavelle). Carbon is growing so fast in the atmosphere faster than in the past 66 million years since the dinosaurs went extinct (Lavelle). All the presidents hold a position of power that could change this big problem that the planet is having, behind thisRead MoreThe Effects Of Global Warming On The World1823 Words   |  8 PagesGlobal warming is called by some as a threat to all people on all nations while others disregard it as another publicity stunt by the media. Research tends to indicate that humans have caused most of the past century s warming by releasing heat-trapping gases as we power our modern lives. The result is global warming with the weather patterns shifting and glaciers melting, the world we know today is slowly dissipating as these changes bring about dramatic consequences for all on the planet including

Self Esteem Paper Essay Sample free essay sample

Tom Thacker Is hiking childrens self esteem a valuble educational tool? The ‘self esteem movement’ was introduced chiefly in American and some British schools. to do kids experience better about themselves so they would hold a assurance encouragement and feel like they could acheive anything they put their mnds to. The ‘self esteem movement’ thought to censor bad classs because ‘they argued that neglecting or acquiring a low class was an unpleasant experience’ . and some schools went every bit far as to give every piece of work an A class. The ‘self esteem movement’ wasn’t helpful for pupils because if they weren’t larning the correct skills so it would be highly difficult for them to derive a successful calling as ‘universities refused to purchase into this bunk ; universities needed pupils with cognition. accomplishments and suited attitudes and employers needed employees who were capable of making the job’ . Children holding ‘self esteem’ is a strong portion of instruction but they besides need little dissapointments in life to fix them for subsequently life. We will write a custom essay sample on Self Esteem Paper Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Parents were finally sucked in to the motion and were told ‘they should hike their childrens ‘self esteem’ by praising the for anything they did’ . An American societal observer Jean M. Twenge argued that the motion was ‘anti educational’ and that by ‘protecting them from critisism in childhood meant that they were wholly unprepared for grownup life’ . She besides argued that the effects of this that there would be ‘a coevals of self-obsessed kids who had chidren who had no criterions againt which to judge their behavior or achievements’ . they haven’t been taught criterions. so is there a criterion for them any longer. Jean M. Twenge besides argued the manner to acquire the best out of kids is through difficult work and pattern non by stating them to ‘follow their dream’ and ‘that they can hold anything if they want it enough’ because in the existent it’s merely non true. Chldrens’s ‘self esteem’ is a valuble tool but merely to a certain grade. their are many other parts to a complete instruction which are merely as of import. The lone manner to better on something is to pattern and as any people say ‘practice makes perfect’ . In my sentiment the ‘self regard movement’ is non a valube educational tool because it doesn’t offer any positive facets to the kids apart from a short period of felicity which would rapidly come to stop.

3S251 1-1 Flashcard

3S251 1-1

How to learn to listen to music, not just hear it

How to learn to listen to music, not just hear it To learn to listen to music, not just hear it. You need the right room, the right equipment, the perfect volume, the perfect spot, and (of course), the embracing of the music. After you have all the proper tools, you can sit and enjoy the music.The first consideration is to listen to music in a comfortable chair. I would highly recommend a good quality Lazy Boy recliner. Now, you need to find the best room to put that chair in, so you can listen to you music. The room can be any normal room with four walls but, the room can't be wide open. For example, it can't be an unfinished basement with concrete walls and a cement floor. The sound will not be able to bounce off the walls and give the effect as if the sound is coming from behind you, as well as in front of you (the surround effect).The lens of a compact disc drive and its associate...A good room to listen in, is a typical family room with sheet rock walls and four ninety degree corners.The second consideration is placement of spe akers. The corners of a room are the perfect spot for your speakers. You shouldn't position them flush against the wall, but put the back of the speaker into the corner, so each side of the speaker is against each wall. For this reason, the bass is extended (louder), and the tweeters, mid-range, and woofers give you their undivided attention.Where to sit is simple, but it takes some easy calculations to find the perfect spot. There is a common rule for a person to experience the full effect of the music. In order to do this, measure the distance between the two speaker cabinets. If the speaker's cabinets are placed twelve feet apart from each other, divide twelve feet...

Journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 94

Journal - Essay Example Through the help of Anna, an assistant, we found her a dress during that time. Now she was back and saying that she needed a pantsuit for work as per her supervisors instructions. Since our agency did not allow for exchanges or refunds, I was not sure how to help her since she was a part of the red care program. She spoke to my ResCare supervisor in hopes of solving her problem. I believe they eventually came to a resolution because I was asked to assist her, but I could not find a dress in her size. I felt bad because I could not help her better. She left without clothes but a promise from my supervisor that she will order her size and call her when something arrives. We track all big size orders so that is something we could do to help her. I really felt bad at not having helped her but then decided to try and forget about it so that i could concentrate on my chores for the day. I had my first young client today and it was difficult to find clothes for her. She was an African- American who wore small sizes that I knew we did not carry. All I could come up with for her was a suit. For some reason, she refused to have me assist her no matter how I tried to help her. She took the suit without considering my opinion or allowing me to see her fitting. I was frustrated because she did not work with me to find the right outfit for her. However, she ended up getting what she wanted and was on her way. Maybe it was because I felt slighted by the way she treated me, so I had some sort of prejudice as I recalled working with her. I found myself wondering if we did not get along because of racial considerations and biases. After some pondering, I came to the conclusion that I was being discriminatory and I needed to just get over the experience. Having worked at the agency for 3 months already, Ihave realized that I need to learn how to understand and get along with th e various clients that

Health Care Finance in the United States Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Health Care Finance in the United States - Essay Example Some of the services offered are respite care, rehabilitation, and environmental modifications. For these services, Out of Pocket Payments are usually the largest sources of healthcare financing, paid directly by patients and are no reimbursable by an insurer or related third parties A new Gallup Daily evaluation reinforces the great level of inconsistency in health insurance coverage among U.S population segments. In general, health insurance coverage is lowest in U.S’ mid-twenties, a situation that is strongly associated with income, at a range from a low of 44% across 35-year olds earning below $25,000 per year to 100% amongst seniors above 60 earning the same amount per year. Of the total population interviewed by Gallup last year, an estimated 17% of the entire American population did not have a health insurance cover. As a reality with many features of American life today, the absence of health insurance is not randomly or equally distributed. There is a distinct income and age pattern when it comes to the population with health insurance. Among 18-year olds, 84% are insured. However, this relatively high coverage are presumably mirrors the fact that most of the youthful Americans are still covered by their parents’ insurance policies, though this changes immediately as they begin their twenties. Health insurance coverage comes to the lowest level of the total age range (66%) at the age of 22. Starting from this age, the percentage of the population insured begins to increase, albeit gradually, hitting the 95% level at the age of 65 when Medicare cover is formally available. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act is inclusive of considerable new requirements designed to increase the rates of health insurance coverage. It includes the compulsory expansion of Medicaid programs to cover persons in households with incomes less than 133% of the federal poverty level, a necessity

Impact of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

Impact of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) ABSTRACT Extensive researches carried out have pointed to the fact that impact prediction in the EIA process has been problematic and it lacked transparency, scientific rigour or both (Badr et al 2004, Glasson et al 2005). Therefore the aim of this research paper is to evaluate impact prediction in the EIA process by comparing impact prediction practices in three environmental impact statements for one environmental component: Air quality. Methods to identify, access and evaluate impacts were analyzed and how extensively they were used in predicting impacts. A checklist was developed for to comparative analysis and descriptor for symbols awarded to various stages of impact prediction outlined. The result shows that important prediction methods were either omitted or not extensively used in some of the cases. This research paper is therefore in agreement that impact prediction is not practiced in a transparent and scientifically rigorous manner. INTRODUCTION Recent environmental issues that has emerged due to large industrial developments with effects on the environment has led to the birth of the process called Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) which can be defined as â€Å"the need to identify and predict impacts on the environment and on mans wellbeing of legislative proposals, policies, programmes, projects and procedures and to interpreter and communicate information about the impacts† (Munn 1979). EIA can also be defined as â€Å"a process by which information about the environment is collected both by the developer and from other sources and taken into account by the relevant decision making body before a decision is given on whether the development should go ahead†(DOE 1995). It can also be defined more simply as â€Å"an assessment of the impacts of a planned activity on the environment† (UNECE 1991). Since the introduction of EIA over 30 years ago, the potential benefits has been widely recognized and it has been adopted and implemented in more than 100 countries by numerous aid and funding agencies (Petts 1999).In essence, EIA is a process that assesses the impact of developments on the environment in a systematic, holistic and multidisciplinary way taking into consideration all environmental components (Glasson et al 2005). EIA as a process involves a number of steps which are as follows Description of project Screening Scoping/consideration of alternatives Baseline studies public consultationparticipation Impact prediction Preparation of Environmental Impact Statement(EIS) Decision making Post decision making and monitoring The EIA process is a cyclical process with feedbacks and interaction between all the steps and public consultation (stakeholder engagement) involved in all the steps. Aggregated studies have shown that EIA practices in some regions of the world have been and remain problematic, but there is evidence that the quality is improving over time (Lee and Brown 1992, DOE 1996, Cashmore et al 2002). However, disaggregated studies indicate that the quality with which certain components of the environment are addressed is significantly more problematic than suggested by the aggregated studies (Glasson and Heanley 1993, Chadwick 2002, Badr and et al 2004). Impact prediction in the EIA process has been a problematic despite being the key and heart of the EIA process (Badr and et al 2004). Despite its centrality in the process, many studies have underemphasized prediction and it is not often treated as an explicit stage in the process, models are not detailed and there are little discussions of limitations (Glasson et al 2005). Therefore, the research for the effectiveness of impact prediction in the EIA process will focus on the Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) which is the document that holds the pre consented states of EIA, and is often readily assessable component of the process (Badr et al 2004). This research paper aims at contributing to the development of grounded initiatives for enhancing EIA effectiveness by looking at impact prediction practices in three different EISs looking into one environmental component which is AIR QUALITY. The following EISs will be used for this research paper CASE 1-A350 Westbury Bypass EIS CASE 2-River Tud Residential Development EIS CASE 3- Kingshill Recycling Centre Biomass Energy Plant EIS The objective of this research is to analyze how extensively impact prediction practices have been carried out in each of these case studies. The following is the structure of the paper: methodology, results, discussion and conclusion. METHODOLOGY The objective of impact prediction is to identify the magnitude and other dimensions of identified change in the environment with the project or action in comparison with the situation without the project or action. It also provides the basis for the assessment of significance (Glasson et al 2005). According to the EIS legislation (S1.4) impact prediction should include assessment of direct and indirect, primary and secondary, cumulative, short, medium and long-term, permanent and temporary, reversible and irreversible, positive and negative effects of a project (Walker and Dalton 2001 in Morris and Therivel 2009). A variety of models are used to estimate air quality impact of sources on receptors to prepare and review new industrial and other sources application and to develop air quality management plans for an area or region and they are the Gaussian, numerical, statistical and physical methods (Jacko and Breche 2003 in salvato et al 2003). There are four stages in impact prediction and they are Impact identification-this brings together the project characteristics and baseline environmental characteristics with the aim of ensuring that all potentially significant environmental impacts are identified and taken into account in the EIA process.( Glasson et al 2005). Ensuring compliance with regulations is an important factor when choosing impact identification methods for assessment. The pathway and receptors are also identified. The methods include checklists, matrices, and quantitative methods and overlay maps. Impact assessment-this involves the detailed analysis of impact to determine their magnitude, significance and expert judgement. There are different methods of impact assessment: professional judgement (qualitative), mathematical methods (quantitative), physical methods, laboratory methods and case to case methods. When choosing prediction methods, the assessor should be concerned about the appropriateness for the task involved, will the method produce what is wanted?, can the method be applied to different projects and allow predictions to be compared? (Lee 1987, Glasson et al 2004). Significance of evaluation- when impact have been predicted, the impacts are then evaluated for acceptability. Criteria for significance include the magnitude and likelihood of impacts, the geographical level. The most formal evaluation method is the comparison of predicted changes in the area to air quality standards, objectives or guideline values, and determining whether they are likely to be exceeded at any location, after taking into account the existing and predicted baseline conditions (Walker and Dalton 2001 in Morris and Therivel 2009). Dispersion models such as DBRM screening method is used to evaluate significance, and the Gaussian model. Other methods are the cost and benefit analysis, multi criteria method, empirical data analysis and simple criteria. Impact mitigation- This is the measure envisaged in order to avoid, reduce and if possible, remedy significant adverse effects (CEQ 1997). Mitigation measures such as change of technology or modification of industrial processes can be implemented. Monitoring should be continued after completion since numerical prediction models contain uncertainties. Continued monitoring is necessary to access the effectiveness of any mitigation measure proposed in an EIA and to ensure that any potential air and climate problems identified have been minimized or mitigated (Walker and Dalton 2001 in Morris and Therivel 2009). A checklist has been developed for the purpose of evaluating impact prediction practices looking at air quality component in three EIS case studies. DISCUSSION Impact identification Case 1 The relevant legislation and policy context was the first method used to identify impacts of the development in air quality. The EU legislation was also looked at, the National Legislative and future legislative measures were also used in impact identification. Relevant policy measures like National planning policy, regional policy and local development framework was used to identify impacts. The limit value of AQS objectives were measured and if it was likely to exceed the objectives declared in the AQMA, then an action plan is to be prepared and implemented. The baseline information was acquired from the local authority and national air quality information archive (NAQIA). Therefore, because of the baseline studies, analysis of the background of air quality data available for the study area showed that the concentration of NO2 and PM10 are generally low in comparison to the relevant AQS objectives and limit value (Wiltshire county council 2007). Future predictions of air quality also carried out. Although qualitative method was used in this exercise, it was not clearly used to identify impacts. Checklists, matrices and overlay maps were not used. Source- pathway-receptor clearly identified. Case 2 Although legislative standards were mentioned, it was not mentioned extensively like in case 1. Baseline data of the environment was obtained from the national environmental technology centre (NETEN) and department of environment. Baseline studies were not used extensively for impact prediction in case 2. Knowledge of baseline conditions is essential because, even when a development is likely to add small amounts of pollution to the area, it could lead to air quality standard of the area being exceeded if air quality in the area is already poor or may become poor in the future(Morris and Therivel 2009). No future predictions of impacts carried out. There was no mention of the use of matrix or checklist for impact identification in this case. The source, pathway and receptor not clearly identified for air quality. Case 3 Most of the legislative standards considered. The UK air quality standards 1989 limits value for pollutants, the air regulations and air quality objectives clearly listed. Baseline studies of the area without the project was mentioned but not considered extensively. Checklists or matrices not used in prediction. Source-pathway and receptors identified. Overall, the main problem of impact identification is the failure to use systematic methods such as checklists, matrices or networks for impact predictions which agrees with Badr et al 2004 â€Å"Most WIA studied failed to provide any information on methods used to identify impacts†. Impact assessment Case 1 Constituent impact stages equally divided and assessed Quantitative assessment method was used for the operational phase of the development for the assessment of local air quality. Impacts on sensitive receptors in the area as a result of the operation of the bypass in the future were analysed using detailed dispersion modelling. DDM was used for the analysis of traffic emissions. Atmospheric dispersion modelling system (ADMS-Roads) was also used and it analysed dispersion of pollutants from industrial and road traffic sources. Qualitative assessment was used in the construction phase of the project. This assessment concluded that emissions will be greater in the operational stage, since the construction was short term, then impact will not be significant. Meteorological data was used for the input into the dispersion model. Case 2 Impacts talked about in construction and operation stages although not extensively. There was no mention of quantitative or computer model to assess air quality impact. The lack of quantitative analysis means that practitioners could not compare predictions with air quality and legislative standards and this is why evaluation of significance is poorly evaluated. (Badr et al 2004) Although qualitative judgement used, but not transparently and scientifically used Metrological data not mentioned at all in impact assessment. Case 3 Construction phase impact omitted and operational phase focused on. Quantitative model used. ADMS model used to assess atmospheric impacts of emission from the project, future predictions considered. Qualitative method not mentioned in impact assessment. Expert opinion provided it is backed up with reason and justification which supports that opinion, such as comparison with similar existing development is a very good method for predicting impacts (Morris and Therivel 2009). Metrological data was used in calculating annual mean of NO2 and SO2 Overall, the problem of impact assessment was the use of quantitative methods. In case 2, for construction emission, it was said that â€Å"it is for the most part not practical to quantify the emissions arising during construction of the dwelling† (South Norfolk County2001).Qualitative assessment only extensively used in case 1 and omitted in case 2 and 3. Future climate baseline levels are usually predicted for the purposes of an EIA, given the major limitations for current models in predicting regional changes, let alone local changes attributed to global warming due to the atmospheric concentrations of green house gases (Walker and Dalton 2001 in Morris and Therivel 2009) Significance evaluation Case 1 Short term mean concentrations of pollutants NO2 and PPM10 were calculated and compared against the relevant AQS objectives. Significance of impacts communicated both numerically and descriptively. Significance also calculated using the comparative method looking at the standard of air quality without the project. Descriptors clearly provided for the significance of air quality based on the magnitude of change in the context of existing conditions. The level of effects of project clearly identified as local effects. Case 2 Although long term mean concentrations mentioned, how numeric values arrived at is not transparent. Comparative method not clearly stated. Level of impact local, national or regional not analyzed. Case 3 Comparative method was used to compare quantitative dispersion ADMS model results with relevant AQS/AQOs. Geographical level of the impact not mentioned although, it was stated in the summary that â€Å"the process design has included mitigation measures to reduce impacts on local and national air quality† (North Wiltshire county). Overall, the significance of impact was well explained in case 1. It was transparent and scientifically rigorous (Badr et al 2004). Methods for significance of impact in case 2 and 3 not transparent although, Comparative measures were used in case 3, the level of impact was not clearly stated. Therefore the main problem of significance of impact was the transparency of the procedure. Impact mitigation Case 1 Mitigation measures were clearly put in place for significant impacts. Construction and operation mitigation plan well listed. CEMP prepared for the project. Alternative technology option also adopted for some impacts. Monitoring not mentioned in mitigation measures. Case 2 Mitigation measures not clearly outlined in this case. Although some preventive measures were outlined, it was not done satisfactorily. No alternative technology options adopted. Monitoring not mentioned in mitigation measures. Case 3 Mitigation measures outlined for construction and operations stages but not decommissioning stage. Alternative technology included in process design to reduce local and national air quality impacts Monitoring of NOx, SO2, PM10, CO outlined. (Annually). The overall problem of mitigation measures is the lack of emphasis on monitoring of air quality during construction and operation phases. A continuous air quality monitoring system for the measurement of selected gaseous air pollutants, particles and metrological conditions over a large geographical area, can make possible immediate intelligence and reaction when ambient air quality levels or emissions increase beyond established standards (Jacko and Breche 2003in Salvato et al 2003). Numerical prediction models contain uncertainties so monitoring should be continued after completion of the development to compare predictions with those that actually occur and continued monitoring is also necessary to access the effectiveness of any mitigation measures proposed in an EIA to ensure that any potential and climate problems identified have been minimized or eliminated (Walker and Dalton in Morris and Therivel 2009) CONCLUSION The aim of this research paper was to evaluate impact prediction in the EIA process by comparing impact prediction practices in three environmental stated for air quality. The research looked at different stages of impact prediction and how the methods for the stages were used and how extensively impact prediction was carried out. Results showed that although impact prediction practices were carried out, it was problematic in the impact identification methods in all cases, methods such as checklists, matrices and networks were not used at all while qualitative method which is used for impact assessment was omitted in a case (case 2). This automatically takes its toll on significance evaluation which uses expert opinion for evaluating significance. Uncertainties associated with the accuracy of a prediction due to the use of inaccurate or partial information on the project or baseline environmental conditions, unanticipated changes in the project during one or more of the changes of the life cycle and oversimplification and errors in the application of methods and models (Glasson et al 2004) was not given consideration at all in any of the cases. Monitoring changes in air quality standard was also a problem. While mitigation measures were proposed, there was no mitigation monitoring plan. Numerical prediction models contain uncertainties so monitoring should be continued after the completion of the development to compare predictions with those that actually occur (Walker and Dalton in Morris and Therivel 2009). Monitoring should be strengthened to enhance impact prediction. It is therefore logical to conclude that different developments or projects determine how extensively impact prediction is practiced. Emphasis is given to air quality predictions for developments like power stations, power plants and road constructions. Emphasis on impact prediction declines for developments such as residential buildings and shopping malls. REFERENCES Badr E,-L, Cashmore,M and Cobb, D (2004) ‘The considerations of impact upon the aquatic environment in environmental impact statements in England and Wales. Journal of environmental assessment policy and management, 6(1):19-49. DOE (Department of the Environment (DOE) (1995) preparation of environmental statements for planning projects that require environmental assessment. A good practice guide. London. HMSO Glasson, J, R, Therivel and Chadwick A (2005) introduction to environmental impact assessment 3rd Edition. London. Routledge Jacko B, La Breche T (2003) air pollution and noise control in Salvato J. A, Numerow N, Land Agardy E, J (2003) Environmental Engineering 5th edition. Canada. John Wiley and sons. Norfolk County Council (2001) proposed residential and associated development at River Tud, Costessey Environmental Impact Statement 2001. Norfolk County Council. Walker D and Dalton H (2001) air quality and climate in Morris P and Therivel R (2009) Methods of Environmental impact assessment 3rd edition. London. Routledge Wiltshire County Council, (2007) A350 Westbury bypass Environmental Impact Statement 2007. Trowbridge, Wiltshire County Council. Wiltshire County Council (2000) Biomass Energy Plant Kingshill Recycling Centre Cricklade North Wilshire Environmental Impact statement 2000. Tollgate, Wiltshire county Council.

An Analysis of Gullivers Travels :: Gullivers Travels Essays

An Analysis of Gulliver's Travels    When I first started reading the book I thought its only purpose was to talk about the political system in England. But after some pages I found that there could be a deeper message concealed, between the lines somewhere. The book is divided into four minor novels. The first is about the Lilliputian's the second about Gulliver visits the giants, the third about the flying island and last about Gullivers travels to the land of Houyhnhmland.    In the first book Gulliver gets shipwrecked and ends up on the island Lilliput were some inhabitans of the island finds him and ties him to the ground. The king hears of the news and sends the army to stop the giant from escaping. Gulliver is then taken to the king's castle were he is searched fore weapons or other dangerous items. The Lilliputians are divided into two tribes. One is holding Gulliver and the other lives on the second island which is separated from the first by a canal (resembles of England and France) . Gulliver is at the littlenders and the enemy is the bigenders which live on the island   of Blefuscu. Gulliver helps the Littlenders to defeat the bigenders. In this book Swift emphasises the stupidity in the war between England and France and also every war which starts over a stupid reason, he also points out the meaningless in courtlife were they do nothing but waste the states money.    At he lilliputians he builds a raft which he uses to sail back to England. But instead he finds himself shipwrecked and washed upon the shores of Brumbidang or the giants land. there   he was found by a farmer whom handed him over into his daughters care. The farmer uses Gulliver for finical reasons and shows him up as a side-showfreak at all the inns in the land. In the giants land there are no classdeffirences this is something that probably Swift wanted to introduce to the British system.    In this book Swift also attacks the British political and justice system with no mercy, He also emphasises the meaningless of having an standing army in peace.    In the third book Gulliver gets picked up by men of the flying island of Laputa.    There everyone is striving to improve their environment in any way possible

Superior Court Observation

Business Law 115 Superior Court Observation The Superior Court session I observed was an alcohol impairment case. The defendant in this case, had been found guilty in District Court, but had filed an appeal to the District Court’s decision. The morning began with the juryselection process. The potential juror pool began with approximately 30 people. The Clerk of Court, Wendy Williams,drew twelve names at random form a bowl to begin the selection process. Once the initial twelve names were pulled, both attorneys had the opportunity to â€Å"interview† thepotential jurors. The prosecution attorney, Emily Cowen, began the process by asking each person to givesome general background information on themselves. This information included where they were from, how long they had lived in the Hendersonville area, their maritalstatus, occupation, etc. After getting this information, the prosecutor asked questions, such as: Did they feel they could hear the case and form an unbiased opinion? Had they ever served on a jury in the past? Had they ever had any negative experiences with any law enforcement officer? Other questions were asked more specifically referring to the DUI, such as: Did they have any family or friends who had been charged with DUI? The defense attorney, J. Michael Edney, then had the opportunity toask his questions. His questions had an emphasis on items such as whether they had a problem with alcohol use, etc†¦ After the initial questioning, three potential jurors were dismissed. One was dismisseddue to being a past victim of a drunk driver. The second was dismissed due to religious beliefs and the third was dismissed by the prosecutor for reasons that were not obvious to an observer. The Clerk of Court drew three more names from the bowl and those potential jurors were basically asked the same questions as the initial twelve. Of this group of three, the defense attorney dismissed two. The first was apparently dismissed because his brother had multiple DUI convictions. The reason for the second dismissal was not obvious. The Clerk of Court then drew two more names. These two potential jurors were questioned in the same manner and accepted by the attorneyson both side. After the jury of twelve was seated, the process was repeated to find an alternate. The purpose if the alternate was to step in if, for any reason, any of the jurors could not serve during the whole trial. The remaining jury pool was excused from the courtroom. The attorney for the Prosecution began with her opening statement, followed by the defense attorney. The prosecution called the first witness, an officer with the Henderson County Sheriff’s Department. The officer was sworn in and then questioned by the Prosecutor about the events of the night when the defendant was placed under arrest. The defense attorney then cross-examined the witness, followed by a prosecution re-direct and then a defense re-cross examination. The witness was then excused. What struck me during the questioning were the actions of the judge. He sat with his head resting in his hand, almost like he was sleeping. However, he did not miss a beat when an objection was made. He either quickly sustained or over-ruled the objection without even raising his head. At this point in the proceedings, the judge called for a lunch recess. He instructed the jury of six rulesto follow during breaks, briefly these were: They were not to discuss the case amongst themselves. They were not to discuss the case with anyone else outside the courtroom. There should be no formation of an opinion until deliberation. They are not to communicate with anyone involved with the case. They should not read or listen to any media coverage about the trial. Lastly, if applicable, there should be no visitation of the crime scene or no independent inquiry. He explained that any violation of these rules would be considered contempt and punishable as so. After the recess, the prosecution called two more witnesses, another Sheriff’s deputy and an officer with the Highway Patrol. They were both questioned by the prosecution, then the defense. Both were also faced with a re-direct and a re-cross. The witnesses were excused after theirtestimony. At this point, the prosecution rested its case. The defense than began theircase presentation. The defense called the defendant to the stand to testify on his own behalf. After his initial testimony, he was cross-examined by the prosecution. There was no re-direct or re-cross. The defense rested their case. The jury was then sent out of the courtroom so the charge conference could take place. This process involves discussions the prosecution and defense as to which instructions would be given to the jury. There is a large set of written instructions and they discussed which are relevant to the case and would be provided to the jury. Once this was completed, the jury was called back into the courtroom and given instructions on the closing statements. These instructions were the same as they were for the opening statements. The defense gave his closing statement first, followed by the prosecution’s closing statement. The judge then instructed the jury on proper application of the law. He stated that if the prosecution did not prove its case beyond a reasonable doubt, then they must find the defendant not guilty. However, if they did prove their case, the jury must find the defendant guilty. He also instructed the jury on the items agreed upon during the charge conference. The jury then retired to the deliberation room. At this point, the alternate juror is excused. While the jury was deliberating, I observed a conversation between the two attorneys and some other attorneys that happened to be in the courtroom. The prosecutor made the comment that the defendant admitted he had been drinking and that was basically the whole of the case. To that, the defense attorney relied, â€Å"The truth is irrelevant. † I found that statement quite surprising and it has stuck with me, I think, more than any other information. The jury did not come back with a verdict by the end of the day. When I called the Clerk of Court office the following morning, I was told that they had come back at around 10:30 am with a guilty verdict.

How to Say What in Spanish

You may have seen the word what translated into Spanish in various ways—common ways of translating what include quà ©, cuà ¡l, lo que, and cà ³mo. It can be confusing, but its important to know the differences in how each translation is used. So, how do you say what in Spanish? To know which version you should be using, it is helpful to know how its being used, particularly how it functions as a part of speech. Key Takeaways: Using "What" in Spanish To translate what to Spanish, you need first to determine how it is being used in a sentence. For example, is it acting as a pronoun or an adjective?The most common translation of what is quà ©.Cuà ¡l is sometimes used for what when implying a choice. Quà © as What Most of the time, especially in questions and exclamations, quà © is a good translation for what. Note the accent mark—quà © and que have substantially different uses and can be thought of as different words, which means that using the accent mark when appropriate is essential. Here are a few examples of how to say quà ©Ã‚  as what:  ¿Quà © hora es? (What time is it?) ¡Quà © mujer! (What a woman!) ¿Quà © es la verdad? (What is the truth?) ¿Quà © es la ONU? (What is the U.N?) ¿Quà © pasa? (Whats happening?) Quà © is also used in indirect questions, in which a question is raised within a statement. This is is most common after forms of saber (to know): No sà © quà © hacer con mi vida. (I dont know what to do with my life.)Quiero saber quà © te preocupa. (I want to know what is bothering you.)El nià ±o sabe quà © es. (The boy knows what it is.)No me pregunta quà © hago aquà ­. (Dont ask me what Im doing.) Cuà ¡l and Cuales for Which One(s) As a pronoun, cuà ¡l or cuà ¡les is used to say what when it means which one or which ones. In other words, cuà ¡l or cuà ¡les suggests that there is a choice of some sort.  ¿Cuà ¡l prefieres? (What do you prefer? Which one do you prefer?) ¿Cuà ¡les prefieres? (What do you prefer? Which ones do you prefer?) ¿Cuà ¡l vas a comprar? (What are you going to buy? Which one are you going to buy?) Note how cuà ¡l can be made plural even though what can be either singular or plural, depending on the context. This means you have to consider which version of the word—cuà ¡l or cuà ¡les—to use based on context. Cuà ¡l can sometimes also be used as a pronoun in this way even when which wouldnt work in an English translation of the sentence. Theres no clear rule for this, but the word choice will seem natural as you learn the language. Notice the difference between the phrases below:  ¿Cuà ¡l es el problema? (What is the problem?)Literally: Which is the problem?In other words, of the possible problems, which one is it? ¿Cuà ¡l es su motivacià ³n? (What is her motive?)Literally: Which is her motive?Of the possible motivations, which one is it? ¿Cuà ¡l es la diferencia entre un asteroide y un cometa? (What is the difference between an asteroid and a comet?)Literally: Which is the difference between an asteroid and a comet?Of the possible differences between an asteroid and comet, which one is it? Quà © or Cuà ¡l As an Adjective Meaning What or Which As an adjective that appears before a noun to mean what or which,  quà ©Ã‚  is usually used, although cuà ¡l is employed in some regions or by some speakers. Quà © is typically the safer choice, though; cuà ¡l may be considered substandard in some areas. For example:  ¿Quà © manzana prefieres? (What/which apple do you prefer?) ¿Quà © camisas vas a comprar? (What/which shirts are you going to buy?)Esta prueba tiene nueve preguntas para descubrir quà © fruta describe tu personalidad. (This quiz has nine questions for finding out what/which fruit describes your personality.) Lo Que, Meaning That Which Lo que can be translated as what when it means that which. This is especially common when what is the subject of a statement in English. Although it would sound awkward, what could technically be replaced by that which in these examples: Lo que me dijo es una mentira. (What she told me is a lie.)Literally: That which she told me is a lie.Lo que me enoja es su actitud hacia mi madre. (What makes me mad is his attitude toward my mother.)Literally: That which makes me mad is his attitude toward my mother.Veo lo que pasa. (I see what is happening.)Literally: I see that which is happening. Cà ³mo Meaning What Cà ³mo is seldom used to mean what, except as an interjection expressing incredulity. In some areas,  ¿cà ³mo? is used to ask someone to say something over again, although in other areas it can be considered mildly rude. Take a look at how these translations differ:  ¡Cà ³mo! No lo creo. (What! I dont believe it.) ¡Cà ³mo! No puede ser. (What! It cant be.) ¿Cà ³mo? (What?)In other words, what did you say?